Pyrrolidine (Tetrahydropyrrole): Chemical Profile, Applications, and Regulatory Overview
Introduction
Pyrrolidine, also known as Tetrahydropyrrole, is a colorless to pale-yellow liquid heterocycle widely used in industrial synthesis, pharmaceutical research, and organic chemistry. As a five-membered nitrogen-containing ring, it serves as a critical intermediate in the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), catalysts, and specialty chemicals.
Its versatile structure—composed of a saturated ring containing one nitrogen atom—makes it a fundamental building block for alkaloids, surfactants, and polymers. Because of its reactive secondary amine group, Pyrrolidine is both a useful reagent and an intermediate precursor in numerous fine-chemical and materials applications.
1. Informational: Chemical Identity and Properties Pyrrolidine (Tetrahydropyrrole) online
Pyrrolidine is classified as a cyclic secondary amine, belonging to the same structural family as piperidine. It is obtained industrially by hydrogenation of pyrrole or reductive amination of 1,4-butanediol.
Chemical Properties Table
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Pyrrolidine / Tetrahydropyrrole |
| Chemical Formula | C₄H₉N |
| Molecular Weight | 71.12 g/mol |
| CAS Number | 123-75-1 |
| Synonyms | Azacyclopentane, Tetrahydropyrrole |
| Appearance | Colorless to light-yellow liquid |
| Odor | Ammoniacal, fish-like |
| Boiling Point | 87 °C (188 °F) |
| Melting Point | −63 °C |
| Density (20 °C) | 0.866 g/cm³ |
| pKa | 11.3 (conjugate acid) |
| Solubility | Miscible with water, ethanol, ether |
| Flash Point | −6 °C (closed cup) |
| Reactivity | Basic; reacts with acids, acyl halides, and oxidants |
2. Navigational: Research and Industrial Applications Pyrrolidine (Tetrahydropyrrole) near
Pyrrolidine’s unique cyclic amine structure allows it to act as a nucleophile, base, or catalyst in a wide variety of synthetic reactions. It plays an important role in academic and industrial laboratories across chemical, pharmaceutical, and materials science sectors.
Major Uses
- Pharmaceutical Intermediate
Pyrrolidine is an essential starting material for drugs containing a pyrrolidine moiety—such as antiviral agents, antihypertensives, and nootropics. - Catalyst and Solvent
In organic synthesis, it is a component of enamine formation and Mannich reactions, serving as both catalyst and solvent. - Fine-Chemical Production
Used to synthesize surfactants, corrosion inhibitors, and agrochemical intermediates. - Analytical Chemistry Reagent
Employed in chromatography and derivatization techniques for compound identification. - Polymer Chemistry
Contributes to ring-opening polymerization and modification of resins for performance coatings.
Because Pyrrolidine is both reactive and basic, it offers a valuable platform for developing new compounds and optimizing reaction mechanisms in research settings.
3. Commercial: Sourcing and Quality Grades Pyrrolidine (Tetrahydropyrrole) ready online
Pyrrolidine is available from accredited laboratory suppliers and industrial chemical manufacturers worldwide. Commercial grades differ by purity and intended use.
| Grade | Purity | Typical Application |
|---|---|---|
| Analytical / Reagent Grade | ≥ 99 % | Laboratory synthesis, GC-MS calibration |
| Industrial Grade | 95–98 % | Bulk synthesis, fine-chemical intermediates |
| Pharmaceutical Intermediate Grade | ≥ 99.5 %, GMP-compliant | API synthesis under controlled conditions |
Packaging commonly includes metal cans, HDPE drums, or stainless-steel cylinders, with capacity from 1 L laboratory bottles to 200 kg bulk containers.
Suppliers provide Certificates of Analysis (CoA) and Safety Data Sheets (SDS) verifying compliance with ISO 9001 and REACH or GHS labeling requirements.
4. Transactional: Handling, Safety, and Regulatory Compliance
Although Pyrrolidine is not scheduled under controlled-substance laws, it is classified as a hazardous substance because of its flammability, corrosiveness, and irritant vapors. Proper occupational and environmental handling procedures are required.
Safety Guidelines
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, and fume-hood ventilation.
- Storage: Keep tightly sealed in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from acids and oxidizing agents.
- Spill Response: Neutralize small spills with dilute acid and absorb with inert material.
- Waste Disposal: Follow local hazardous-waste regulations; neutralize before incineration.
Regulatory Classification
| Region | Regulation / Directive | Status |
|---|---|---|
| EU (REACH) | EC No 123-75-1 | Registered; not restricted |
| US (OSHA / EPA) | 29 CFR 1910.1200 | Listed as hazardous; requires SDS |
| Canada (DSL) | Domestic Substances List | Permitted; standard labeling |
| Australia (AICS) | Inventory of Chemical Substances | Listed; industrial use approved |
These classifications allow Pyrrolidine’s legal trade and research use, provided all safety and transport documentation is observed.
5. Environmental and Toxicological Profile
Pyrrolidine exhibits moderate volatility and biodegradability. It hydrolyzes slowly in water and is readily metabolized in biological systems.
- Acute Toxicity: Low to moderate (LD₅₀ ≈ 450 mg/kg, oral, rat).
- Irritation: Vapors may cause mucous-membrane irritation.
- Environmental Fate: Biodegradable; avoid release to soil and waterways.
- Regulatory Thresholds: Workplace exposure limit (TWA): 10 ppm (US ACGIH).
Proper handling and waste management eliminate most risks associated with laboratory or industrial use.
6. Scientific and Market Relevance
As an essential building block in heterocyclic chemistry, Pyrrolidine supports a range of innovation in modern science:
- Medicinal chemistry: Formation of bioactive scaffolds (e.g., pyrrolidine alkaloids).
- Agrochemical synthesis: Development of safer pesticides and herbicides.
- Material sciences: Creation of advanced polymers with tailored surface functionality.
- Green chemistry: Solvent and catalyst systems promoting high atom-efficiency reactions.
The global Pyrrolidine market continues to expand due to pharmaceutical and fine-chemical demand, with increased attention to sustainable synthesis routes and closed-loop manufacturing for emission reduction. Buy Pyrrolidine liquid Tetrahydropyrrole CAS 123-75-1 wholesale
7. Conclusion: Pyrrolidine near me
Pyrrolidine (Tetrahydropyrrole) stands as one of the most versatile and indispensable intermediates in modern organic chemistry. Its combination of high reactivity, solubility, and cyclic stability makes it ideal for pharmaceutical synthesis, catalytic applications, and fine-chemical production.
When sourced from authorized, quality-certified suppliers and handled according to environmental and occupational standards, Pyrrolidine remains a safe and fully compliant material that supports continued progress in chemistry and materials science. Buy Pyrrolidine liquid Tetrahydropyrrole CAS 123-75-1 wholesale
Pyrrolidine online Keyword Targets
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Chemical Identification:
- RTECS Number: UX9650000
- Beilstein Reference No.: 0102395
- EINECS Number: 204-648-7
- HS Code: 2933990090
Safety Information:
- Signal Word: Danger
- Hazard Statements: H225 (Highly flammable liquid and vapour), H302 + H332 (Harmful if swallowed or inhaled), H314 (Causes severe skin burns and eye damage)
- Precautionary Statements: P210 (Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. – No smoking), P280 (Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection), P305 + P351 + P338 (IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing), P310 (Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician)
- Hazard Codes: F (Flammable), C (Corrosive)
- Risk Phrases: R11 (Highly flammable), R20/21/22 (Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin, and if swallowed), R35 (Causes severe burns)
- Safety Phrases: S16 (Keep away from sources of ignition – No smoking), S26 (In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice), S36/37/39 (Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves, and eye/face protection), S45 (In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible)), S33 (Take precautionary measures against static discharge) Buy Pyrrolidine liquid Tetrahydropyrrole CAS 123-75-1 wholesale
Packaging:
- 1kg: Aluminium foil bag, with two plastic bags inside
- 25kg: Fiber drum, with two plastic bags inside
- Size: ID 42cm * H52cm, 0.08m³/drum
- Net Weight: 25kg
- Gross Weight: 28kg
Purchasing Information:
- Wholesale: Pyrrolidine Tetrahydropyrrole can be purchased in bulk quantities. Check with suppliers for factory prices and availability.
- Source: Ensure that you buy from reputable suppliers to guarantee the quality and purity of the product.
Applications:
- Biochemical Research: Used in metal chelation and various biochemical applications.
- Industrial Use: Suitable for general industrial purposes and research.
Vendor Highlights:
- Quality: Look for suppliers that provide high-quality products with detailed specifications.
- Reliability: Choose vendors with a good reputation and positive customer feedback.
- Support: Select vendors that offer good customer support and timely delivery.
Disclaimer: Pyrrolidine Tetrahydropyrrole is intended for research and industrial use only. It should not be used for human consumption or veterinary purposes. Always follow safety guidelines and handle the chemical with appropriate protective equipment.
For purchasing, you can visit reputable chemical suppliers online and check their product listings for Pyrrolidine Tetrahydropyrrole. Ensure to review their terms and conditions and confirm the legality of the product in your region. Buy Pyrrolidine liquid Tetrahydropyrrole CAS 123-75-1 wholesale
